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[(\))-375.4(and)-373.1(for)-371.9(graphene)-375.1(de-)]TJ
-14.8946 -1.1116 TD
[(posited)-429.4(on)-428.4(special)-431.7(substrates)-427.7(such)-431.6(as)-423.6(hexagonal)-434(boron)-425.9(ni-)]TJ
T*
(tride.)Tj
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 82.6582 433.644 Tm
(18,30)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 102.1039 429.2786 Tm
[(Equivalent)-285.6(characteris)-12.2(tics)-282.1(have)-289(not)-285.7(been)-289(observed)]TJ
-4.0721 -1.1174 TD
[(on)-336.3(graphene)-334.8(prepared)-334.8(using)-333.7(other)-335.1(techniques.)]TJ
1.0137 -1.1116 TD
-.0216 Tc
[(The)-398.2(m)-.9(a)-6.6(r).4(ke)-6.6(t)-391.4(f)-5.4(or)-397(gr)-5.4(aph)-5.4(e)-.8(ne)-398.2(ap)-5.4(pli)-5.5(cat)-5.5(ion)-5.4(s)-391.1(i)-5.5(s)-396.9(ess)-5.2(e)-.8(n)-5.4(tia)-6.6(lly)-397.1(dr)-5.4(ive)-6.6(n)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(by)-310.8(p)-5.5(r).3(og)-5.5(re)-6.7(ss)-310.6(in)-310.8(t)-5.6(h).2(e)-311.9(p).2(r)-5.5(odu)-5.5(cti)-5.6(o).2(n)-310.8(o).2(f)-310.7(g)-5.5(rap)-5.5(h).2(en)-5.5(e)-311.9(w)-.6(it)-5.6(h)-310.8(p).2(ro)-5.5(per)-5.5(tie)-6.7(s)-310.6(t).1(ha)-6.7(t)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(ar)-5.4(e)-277.3(a)-6.6(ppr)-5.4(opr)-5.4(iat)-5.5(e)-277.3(f)-5.4(o).3(r)-276.1(i)-5.5(ts)-281.7(sp)-5.4(eci)-5.5(c)-277.3(a)-6.6(ppl)-5.5(ica)-6.6(tio)-5.4(n.)-278.5(Cu)-5.4(rr)-5.4(ent)-5.5(l).2(y,)-278.5(g)-5.4(r).4(ap)-5.4(he)-6.6(ne)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
-.0203 Tc
[(ca)-5.3(n)-349.7(b)1.6(e)-350.9(p)-4.1(repare)-5.3(d)-349.7(u)1.6(sing)-355.5(mechanical)-355.6(exfoliation,)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 240.7747 378.8219 Tm
-.0239 Tc
(13)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 251.2629 374.4566 Tm
-.0215 Tc
[(che)-6.5(m)-.8(ic)-6.5(al)-351(va)-6.5(-)]TJ
-19.2259 -1.1116 TD
[(po)-5.3(r)-339.3(d)-5.3(epo)-5.3(s).6(it)-5.4(ion)-345.1(\().5(CV)-6.2(D\))-5.3(,)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 148.9322 367.8802 Tm
-.0239 Tc
(31)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 159.307 363.5149 Tm
-.0216 Tc
[(ep)-5.4(ita)-6.6(xia)-6.6(l)-339.6(gr)-5.4(owt)-5.5(h).3(,)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 223.9936 367.8802 Tm
-.0239 Tc
(32)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 234.3684 363.5149 Tm
-.0203 Tc
[(and)-343.9(c).5(he)-5.3(mica)-5.3(l)-338.3(e).5(x-)]TJ
-17.5095 -1.1174 TD
-.0217 Tc
[(f)-5.5(o).2(li)-5.6(ati)-5.6(on.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 96.0378 356.9385 Tm
-.0239 Tc
(33)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 106.696 352.5164 Tm
-.0214 Tc
[(A)-6.1(m)-.7(on)-5.2(g)-373.8(t).4(he)-6.4(m,)-370.4(C)-6.2(V)-.3(D)-374.7(h).5(a)-6.4(s)-373.6(emer)-5.2(ged)-373.8(a)-6.4(s)-373.6(a)-.6(n)-373.8(i).4(m)-6.4(por)-5.2(tan)-5.2(t)]TJ
-4.5386 -1.1116 TD
-.0217 Tc
[(an)-5.5(d)-402.9(t).1(he)-404.1(mo)-5.5(st)-403.1(su)-5.5(cce)-6.7(ss)-5.3(ful)-403.1(m)-1(e)-6.7(t).1(ho)-5.5(d)-402.9(f).3(or)-402.9(t)-5.6(h).2(e)-404.1(p).2(ro)-5.5(duc)-6.7(ti)-5.6(on)-402.9(of)-402.9(la)-6.7(rge)-6.7(-)]TJ
T*
[(s)-5.2(cal)-5.5(e)-242.7(a)-.8(n)-5.4(d)-241.6(hi)-5.5(gh)-5.4(-qu)-5.4(a)-.8(li)-5.5(ty)-247.3(gra)-6.6(phe)-6.6(ne)-242.7(s)-5.2(h).3(e)-6.6(e)-.8(ts)-247.1(fo)-5.4(r)-241.5(v)-5.4(ari)-5.5(ous)-247.1(ap)-5.4(pli)-5.5(cat)-5.5(ion)-5.4(s).5(,)]TJ
T*
-.0197 Tc
[(including)-331.8(b)-3.5(one)-338.7(tissue)-333(e)1.1(ngineering,)-334.1(as)-331.6(the)-333(m)-4.7(ethod)-331.8(w)-4.4(as)-331.6(rst)-331.9(re)-4.7(-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
-.0217 Tc
[(po)-5.5(rt)-5.6(ed)-402.9(in)-402.9(2)-5.5(009)-5.5(.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 122.4566 313.0582 Tm
-.0294 Tc
[(34)-5.5(,3)-5.5(5)]TJ
9.843 0 0 9.843 142.0724 308.6928 Tm
-.0182 Tc
[(Af)3.8(ter)-399.4(g)3.7(ro)3.7(wt)3.6(h)-399.4(o)3.7(f)-399.4(l)-2.1(ar)3.8(ge-s)3.9(cal)3.6(e)-400.6(g)3.7(r)-2(ap)3.7(hen)3.7(e)-400.6(by)]TJ
-8.1327 -1.1116 TD
-.02 Tc
[(CV)-4.7(D)-361.8(o)1.9(n)-360.9(c)-5(opper)-360.9(foils)-360.7(o)1.9(r)-360.9(n)-3.8(ic)-5(kel)-361()-3.7(lm,)-363.3(t)1.8(he)-362.1(coppe)-5(r)-360.9(or)-360.9(nickel)-361(are)]TJ
T*
-.0195 Tc
[(etche)-4.5(d)-458.3(and)-458.3(t)2.3(he)-459.5(graphene)-465.3(can)-458.3(be)-459.5(tr)]TJ
14.1631 0 TD
-.0217 Tc
[(ans)-5.3(f).3(e)-6.7(rre)-6.7(d)-460.5(t).1(o)-466.3(d).2(is)-5.3(ti)-5.6(nct)-466.4(s).4(ub)-5.5(-)]TJ
-14.1631 -1.1174 TD
-.0215 Tc
[(s)-5.1(t).3(ra)-6.5(tes)-350.7(u).4(s)-5.1(i).3(n)-5.3(g)-345.1(p)-5.3(o).4(ly)-5.3(met)-5.4(hyl)-5.4(met)-5.4(h).4(ac)-6.5(ryl)-5.4(a)-.7(te)-6.5(,)-347.5(a)-.7(c)-6.5(c)-.7(or)-5.3(din)-5.3(g)-350.9(to)-350.9(the)-352.1(e)-.7(x)-5.3(p).4(er)-5.3(-)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
-.0178 Tc
[(i)4(m)-2.8(en)4.1(tal)-410.7(d)4.1(es)4.3(ig)4.1(n)4.1(.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 121.2661 269.2346 Tm
-.0239 Tc
(36)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 132.3779 264.8692 Tm
-.0197 Tc
[(By)-412.5(contrast,)-414.8(m)1(echanical)-418.3(exfoliation)-412.5(s)-3.3(uffers)]TJ
-7.1478 -1.1116 TD
-.0217 Tc
[(f)-5.5(r).3(om)-294.7(low)-294.4(y).2(ie)-6.7(lds)-5.3(,)-290.1(mak)-5.5(i).1(n)-5.5(g)-287.7(it)-293.6(di)-5.6(fc)-6.7(u).2(lt)-293.6(to)-293.5(app)-5.5(l).1(y)-287.7(t)-5.6(o)-287.7(i)-5.6(ndu)-5.5(st)-5.6(ria)-6.7(l).1(-s)-5.3(cal)-5.6(e)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(pr)-5.6(od)-5.6(uct)-5.7(i)0(on)-5.6(.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 105.1086 247.3511 Tm
-.0315 Tc
(15)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 72 231.9873 Tm
0 Tc
[(Graphene)-439.4(oxide)-444.5(\(GO\))-438.1(is)-439.9(an)-441.1(oxidized)-437.6(derivative)-441.1(of)-439.9(gra-)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
(phene.)Tj
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 88.1008 225.411 Tm
(37)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 98.3055 221.0456 Tm
[(The)-287.9(most)-287.8(widely)-291.1(used)-293.4(approach)-288.7(to)-290.3(GO)-286.2(synthesis)-293(is)]TJ
-3.6862 -1.1174 TD
[(based)-497.2(on)-497.5(the)-499.9(principle)-496.4(rst)-499.5(introduced)-497.4(by)-497.5(Hummers)-495.8(and)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(Offeman)-634.1(\(commonly)-629.9(referred)-634.2(to)-624.4(as)-631(Hummers)-634(method\),)]TJ
T*
[(which)-341.7(involves)-344.1(the)-338.7(oxidation)-339.8(of)-342(graphite)-345.4(by)-336.3(treatment)-343.3(with)]TJ
T*
[(potassium)-513.3(permanganate)-515.7(and)-511.3(sulfuric)-511.1(acid.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 240.9448 181.5874 Tm
(38)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 253.3605 177.222 Tm
[(Many)-507.6(tech-)]TJ
-19.439 -1.1174 TD
[(niques)-364.8(have)-358.1(been)-363.8(used)-362.5(in)-359.4(the)-361.7(fabrication)-367.3(of)-359.3(GO)-361(thin)-361.8(lms,)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(such)-1030.6(as)-1022.6(spin)-1029.6(coating,)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 166.5637 159.6472 Tm
(39,40)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 193.3228 155.2818 Tm
[(LangmuirBlodgett)-1027.2(tech-)]TJ
-13.3395 -1.1116 TD
(niques,)Tj
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 90.2551 148.7055 Tm
(41,42)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 111.5149 144.3401 Tm
[(ow-directed)-472.6(assembly,)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 207.8929 148.7055 Tm
(43)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 219.9117 144.3401 Tm
(evaporation-induced)Tj
-16.0408 -1.1174 TD
[(self-assemblies)-811(on)-802.8(water,)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 172.4031 137.707 Tm
(44)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 187.7102 133.3417 Tm
[(and)-805.1(the)-799.4(bubble-depo)-8.8(sition)]TJ
-12.7693 -1.1116 TD
(method.)Tj
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 94.1102 126.7653 Tm
(45)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 106.1291 122.3999 Tm
[(GO)-464.7(conta)-8(ins)-464(a)-468.8(range)-468.6(of)-468.7(reactive)-468.7(oxygen)-468.6(func-)]TJ
-4.4811 -1.1116 TD
[(tional)-497.7(groups,)-499.4(including)-501(epoxide,)-503.2(carboxyl,)-498.5(and)-499.8(hydroxyl)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(groups.)-315.1(They)-317.8(are)-316.6(presented)-324.3(on)-313.2(the)-315.6(basal)-318.8(plane)-319(and)-315.5(edges)-318.7(of)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(GO)-453.2(and)-459.5(enable)-453.7(greater)-460.5(interactions)-454.7(with)-454.8(proteins)-459.3(through)]TJ
T*
[(covalent,)-442.2(electrostatic,)-444.4(and)-436.4(hydrogen)-441.9(bonding.)-437.5(GO)-435.9(sheets,)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(because)-438.4(of)-434.1(their)-438.9(derivatization,)-438.8(are)-437.6(more)-433(hydrophilic,)-437.5(and)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(the)-407.8(hydrogen)-413.1(bonds)-402.7(betwe)-8.8(en)-406.5(their)-410.1(polar)-409.9(functional)-405.4(groups)]TJ
25.504 67.9184 TD
[(and)-257.9(water)-262.2(molecules)-262.4(offer)-260(reasonable)-257.5(colloidal)-260.4(dispersibility)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(under)-334.9(appropriate)-338.3(pH)-337.1(conditions.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 446.0031 718.5825 Tm
(46)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 703.2188 Tm
[(Reduced)-346.3(graphene)-346.3(oxide)-340.9(\(rGO\))-341.2(can)-345.4(be)-337.4(obtained)-345.5(by)-342(ther-)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(mal,)-493.1(chemical,)-490.7(and)-488.3(UV)-487.8(treatment)-493(of)-486(GO)-487.8(under)-484.7(reducing)]TJ
T*
[(conditions)-398.3(with)-391.4(hydrazine)-393.6(or)-388.1(other)-392.7(reducing)-391.4(agents.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 524.5227 685.7006 Tm
(47)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 535.7479 681.3352 Tm
[(It)-388.2(is)]TJ
-22.6241 -1.1174 TD
[(mainly)-412.4(produced)-414.3(to)-405.5(restore)-413.1(the)-413.5(electrical)-414.7(conductivity)-413.5(and)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(optical)-390.6(absorbance)-389.8(of)-382.3(GO)-384.1(while)-387.9(reducing)-385.6(the)-384.7(oxygen)-387.9(con-)]TJ
T*
[(tent,)-337.6(surface)-339.2(charge,)-336(and)-332.8(hydrophilicity.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 473.5558 651.4014 Tm
(48)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 637.455 Tm
[(For)-423.6(better)-423.9(utilization)-424.2(of)-422.6(graphene)-427(in)-422.8(biology)-416.9(and)-424.9(medi-)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(cine,)-338.6(appropriate)-338.3(functionalization)-340.9(of)-336.2(pristine)-338.4(graphene)-340.6(and)]TJ
T*
[(the)-304.1(immobilization)-303.2(of)-301.7(biomaterials)-300.5(on)-301.7(it)-302(are)-299.3(necessary.)-305.6(This)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(is)-595.4(important)-600.2(in)-589.8(biocompatibility,)-601.5(because)-593.9(the)-597.8(functional)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(groups)-398(can)-397.3(create)-403(defects)-397(on)-399.6(the)-396.3(graphene)-398.2(surface)-396.8(and)-396.1(re-)]TJ
T*
[(duce)-432.9(the)-430.8(strong)-432.7(hydrophobic)-433.8(interaction)-430.8(of)-434.1(graphene)-432.7(with)]TJ
T*
[(cells)-468.7(and)-471(tissues.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 383.3574 576.1132 Tm
(49)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 395.3196 571.7479 Tm
[(Biomolecules)-474.2(such)-466.1(as)-463.9(proteins,)-468.5(DNA,)]TJ
-8.3573 -1.1174 TD
[(and)-494(small)-491.8(molecules)-492.8(have)-490.5(been)-490.5(reported)-495(to)-486.1(functionalize)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(graphene.)-395.8(The)-391.6(biological)-394(activity)-391.8(of)-393.8(graphene-based)-395.4(mate-)]TJ
T*
[(rials)-427.2(can)-426.1(be)-423.8(associated)-430.2(with)-426(their)-421.6(capacities)-431.7(to)-422.8(affect)-430.6(mo-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(lecular)-339.7(processes)-335.3(and)-338.5(functions.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 441.0707 532.2329 Tm
(50)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 516.9258 Tm
[(Based)-348.5(on)-347.8(current)-349.9(experiments)-350.9(with)-345.3(regard)-348.7(to)-347.9(cell)-346.8(behav-)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(iors)-447.8(in)-451.6(these)-445.5(materials)-452.5(\(Table)-448(1\),)-449.1(the)-448.1(applications)-449(of)-451.4(gra-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(phene)-244(and)-240.6(its)-239.5(derivatives)-240.4(can)-241.8(be)-239.5(categorized)-242.8(into)-240.8(three)-238.3(types:)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(G)-266.9(sheet,)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 345.5432 488.4093 Tm
(4,5,51)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 366.633 484.0439 Tm
[(GO)-263.1(akes,)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 408.8125 487.4456 Tm
[(6,8,9,11,1)-8.7(2,52,53)]TJ
9.843 0 0 9.843 463.181 484.0439 Tm
[(and)-263.6(rGO)-270(akes,)-264.3(which)]TJ
-15.2517 -1.1116 TD
[(are)-391.5(directly)-391.6(reduced)-391.3(from)-385.7(GO.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 437.7259 477.4676 Tm
[(7,10)-8.6(,54)]TJ
9.843 0 0 9.843 463.7479 473.1022 Tm
[(Although)-390.1(GO)-389.8(or)-382.3(rGO)]TJ
-15.3093 -1.1174 TD
[(lms)-241.6(and)-240.6(sheets)-239.1(have)-242.9(been)-237.1(used)-241.5(in)-238.5(different)-242.8(experiments,)-244.9(the)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(main)-271.9(form)-270.5(of)-267.1(a)-273(single)-267(layer)-272.9(of)-267.1(GO)-274.6(or)-267.1(rGO)-270(lm)-269.4(or)-267.1(sheet)-272.7(is)-267.1(as)]TJ
T*
[(a)-359.4(ake)-357.9(or)-353.5(microake)-360.2(with)-356.9(a)-353.6(diameter)-359.3(less)-356.7(than)-357(several)-362.4(mi-)]TJ
T*
(crometers.)Tj
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 354.5007 433.644 Tm
[(57,)-8.6(10,5153)]TJ
9.843 0 0 9.843 400.0251 429.2786 Tm
[(However,)-499(CVD-grown)-497.3(graphene)-496.1(can)]TJ
-8.8354 -1.1174 TD
[(be)-435.3(formed)-440.9(as)-435.1(a)-434.2(large-scale)-438.4(sheet)-439.8(as)-435.1(long)-436.5(as)-435.1(a)-434.2(sufciently)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(large)-284.4(substrate)-282.8(is)-284.4(used)-281.8(for)-279.7(growing)-279.4(the)-281.1(product,)-283.1(Currently,)-280.7(it)]TJ
T*
[(is)-238.3(easy)-236.9(to)-232.7(coat)-237.2(scaffolds)-236.5(or)-232.6(substrates)-237.6(with)-235.9(a)-232.7(planar)-239.4(or)-232.5(regular)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(surface.)-394.5(However,)-389.6(GO)-389.8(and)-384.6(rGO)-390.9(can)-385.8(be)-389.3(easily)-389.1(coated)-390.4(onto)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(scaffolds)-420.9(with)-414.5(irregular)-415.6(or)-411.1(3D)-417.8(structures,)-414(and)-413.4(they)-414.6(can)-414.6(be)]TJ
T*
[(easily)-452.5(grafted)-447.8(with)-443.3(other)-450.3(chemicals)-447.8(and)-448(form)-443.3(new)-448.8(hybrid)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(surfaces)-340.1(or)-336.2(materials.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 398.8912 356.9385 Tm
[(810,)-7.8(12,52,53)]TJ
9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 341.5747 Tm
[(Graphene)-399(and)-390.4(its)-395(derivatives,)-399.3(owing)-392.4(to)-394(their)-392.8(unique)-393.8(op-)]TJ
-1.0137 -1.1116 TD
[(tical,)-386(mechanical,)-384.6(chemical,)-387(and)-378.8(electrical)-385.9(properties,)-385.4(have)]TJ
T*
[(been)-358.1(extensively)-355.6(studied)-354.5(by)-353.5(materials)-354.6(scientists,)-356.5(physicists,)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(and)-304(chemists.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 367.3133 313.0582 Tm
(31)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 377.6881 308.6928 Tm
[(Their)-301.7(uses)-304.7(are)-305.1(expanding)-306.1(beyond)-301.5(electronic)]TJ
-6.5661 -1.1116 TD
[(and)-309.7(chemical)-302.9(applications)-310.8(toward)-308.2(biomedical)-304.1(areas,)-306(such)-304.9(as)]TJ
T*
[(drug)-413.3(delivery,)-412.2(cancer)-414.4(therapies,)-414.3(biosensing,)-412.9(and)-413.4(tissue)-416.6(en-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(ginee)-8(ring.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 352.8566 280.1763 Tm
[(55,5)-8.6(6)]TJ
/F5 1 Tf
8.9663 0 0 8.9663 313.0582 248.4283 Tm
[(Biocompatibility)-339(or)-335.1(Toxicity)-337.2(of)-330.2(Graphene)]TJ
0 -1.2203 TD
[(and)-338.2(Its)-332.5(Derivatives)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
9.843 0 0 9.843 323.0361 221.0456 Tm
[(So)-445.5(far,)-451.3(only)-448(a)-445.8(limited)-448.4(number)-446.7(of)-445.7(publications)-453.6(have)-444.5(at-)]TJ
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[(gr)5.1(own)-605.5(g)-.7(r)5.1(a)-1.9(p)5(h)-.7(ene)-600.9(i)-.8(n)5(c)-1.9(reas)5.2(ed)-599.7(the)-600.9(a)-1.9(cti)4.9(v)-.7(ati)4.9(o)-.7(n)-605.5(o)5(f)-605.4(c)3.9(as)5.2(pas)5.2(e)-606.6(3)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
.0115 Tc
[(\(apo)4.6(pt)4.5(osi)4.5(s)-381.1(mar)4.7(k)-1.1(er\),)-377.8(r)4.7(e)-2.3(l)4.5(e)-2.3(ase)-382.4(o)]TJ
12.2336 0 TD
[(f)-381.1(l)4.6(actate)-376.6(dehyd)4.7(ro)4.7(genase,)-377.7(a)3.6(nd)]TJ
-12.2336 -1.1116 TD
[(generatio)4.5(n)-548.4(o)4.5(f)-548.4(r)-1.2(eactiv)4.5(e)-549.5(o)4.5(xyg)]TJ
12.1472 0 TD
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[(e)-6.5(n)-546.7(s)-5.1(p)-5.3(ec)-6.5(ie)-6.5(s)-552.3(\().5(R)-6.3(O)-.4(S)-5.2(\))-552.5(in)-552.5(n)-5.3(e)-.7(u)-5.3(r).5(a)-6.5(l)]TJ
-12.1472 -1.1174 TD
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7.3823 0 0 6.5614 226.4314 608.9951 Tm
.0145 Tc
(64)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 237.6566 604.5731 Tm
.0138 Tc
[(Li)6.8(ao)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
2.2578 0 TD
.0089 Tc
[(et)-372.5(al.)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
2.5458 0 TD
.0131 Tc
[(al)6.1(so)]TJ
-22.6472 -1.1116 TD
.0117 Tc
[(repo)4.8(rted)-432.9(t)4.7(h)-.9(at)-433(aggr)4.9(eg)4.8(at)4.7(ed)-432.9(g)4.8(r)-.9(aph)4.8(e)-2.1(n)4.8(e)-434.1(sh)4.8(eets)-432.7(i)4.7(n)-.9(d)4.8(u)-.9(ced)-427.1(a)-434.1(hi)4.7(gh)]TJ
T*
[(level)-335.2(o)-1(f)-329.3(R)-2(OS)-334.9(in)-335.1(h)4.7(u)-1(man)-329.3(s)-.8(k)4.7(i)-1.1(n)-335.1()4.9(bro)4.7(bl)4.6(as)4.9(ts.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 225.9779 587.0549 Tm
.0145 Tc
(60)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 236.8629 582.6896 Tm
.0133 Tc
[(Ho)6.4(we)5.3(ve)5.3(r,)-330(wh)6.4(en)]TJ
-17.7629 -1.1116 TD
.0131 Tc
[(ca)5.1(nc)5.1(er)-258.7(ce)5.1(ll)-258.8(lin)6.2(es)-258.5(we)5.1(re)-259.9(use)5.1(d).5(,)-261(d)6.2(ec)5.1(rea)5.1(s).7(e)5.1(s)-264.3(i)6.1(n)-264.5(c)5.1(e)-.7(ll)-258.8(vi)6.1(ab)6.2(il)6.1(ity)-258.7(we)5.1(re)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(lo)6.2(we)5.1(r)-333.5(i)6.1(n)-333.6(m)5(os)6.4(t)-333.7(c)5.1(as)6.4(es.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 146.1543 565.1148 Tm
.0137 Tc
(59,65,66)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 72 549.8077 Tm
.0111 Tc
[(There)-371.3(a)-2.7(re)-371.3(a)-377.1(f)4.3(e)-2.7(w)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
7.1363 0 TD
.0134 Tc
[(in)-367.8(vi)6.4(vo)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
3.2715 0 TD
.0119 Tc
[(s)5.2(t)-.8(u)5(d)-.7(i)4.9(e)-1.9(s)-374.9(w)4.2(it)4.9(h)-375.1(r)-.7(egard)-369.3(t)-.8(o)-369.3(t)-.8(he)-370.5(bi)4.9(o-)]TJ
-11.4215 -1.1116 TD
.0131 Tc
[(co)6.2(mp)6.2(at)6.1(ib)6.2(il)6.1(ity)-523.6(of)-523.6(gra)5.1(ph)6.2(en)6.2(e)-530.6(a)5.1(nd)-529.4(i)6.1(t).4(s)-523.5(d).5(er)6.3(iv)6.2(at)6.1(iv)6.2(es.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 258.8031 543.2313 Tm
.0138 Tc
(57,58)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 281.1401 538.866 Tm
.0114 Tc
(Sahu)Tj
/F4 1 Tf
-22.2613 -1.1174 TD
.0138 Tc
[(et)-373.3(a)6.9(l)1.1(.)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
2.5688 0 TD
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[(have)-377(d)4.3(e)-2.6(v)4.3(e)-2.6(lo)4.3(ped)-375.8(a)-382.7(s)4.5(i)-1.5(mple)-377(met)4.2(h)-1.4(o)4.3(d)-381.6(t)4.2(o)-381.6(p)4.3(r)-1.4(epare)-377(a)-377(t)-1.5(her-)]TJ
-2.5688 -1.1116 TD
.0124 Tc
[(mosens)5.7(iti)5.4(ve)-375.8(h)5.5(y)-.2(d)5.5(rog)5.5(el)-374.7(s)5.7(y)-.2(st)5.4(em)-375.8(b)5.5(a)-1.4(s)5.7(e)-1.4(d)-374.6(o)5.5(n)-380.4(n)5.5(an)5.5(o-)5.6(sized)-374.6(G)4.7(O)-375.5(b)-.2(y)]TJ
T*
.0073 Tc
[(a)-6.5(d).4(d)-5.3(i).3(n)-5.3(g)-385.5(a)-386.6(s)-5.1(ma)-6.5(ll)-385.6(a)-6.5(m)-.8(o)-5.3(u)-5.3(n).4(t)-385.6(o)-5.3(f)-385.4(P)-5.2(lu)-5.3(ro)-5.3(ni)-5.4(c)-386.6(b)-5.3(lo)-5.3(ck)-391.2(co)-5.3(po)-5.3(ly)-5.3(me)-6.5(r)-385.4(a)-6.5(s)-385.3(a)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
.0121 Tc
[(ph)5.2(ys)5.4(ical)-288.6(cr)5.3(oss)5.4(l)-.6(i)5.1(n)-.5(k)5.2(e)-1.7(r,)-285.1(wi)5.1(tho)5.2(u)-.5(t)-288.6(a)4.1(ny)-288.5(chemi)5.1(cal)-288.6(mod)5.2(i)-.6()5.4(c)-1.7(atio)5.2(n)-288.5(o)-.5(f)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
.0099 Tc
[(G)-3.6(O)2.2(.)-270(I)3.1(t)-267.8(w)-3.6(as)-267.5(re)-3.9(ported)-267.7(that)-267.8(the)-268.8(g)-2.7(el)-267.8(forma)-3.9(t)2.9(ion)-267.7(w)2.2(a)-3.9(s)-267.5(long)-267.7(lasting)]TJ
T*
.0129 Tc
[(an)6(d)-431.7(s)6.2(ta)4.9(bl)5.9(e.)-428.3(Whe)4.9(n)-431.7(i)5.9(n).3(j)5.9(e)-.9(c)4.9(t).2(ed)-425.9(su)6(bc)4.9(ut)5.9(an)6(eo)6(usl)5.9(y)-431.7(i)5.9(n).3(t)5.9(o)-431.7(m)4.8(i).2(c)4.9(e)-.9(,)-428.3(t)5.9(he)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
.0118 Tc
[(hi)4.8(st)4.8(olo)4.9(g)-.8(i)4.8(c)-2(al)-352.3(i)4.8(n)-.8(v)4.9(e)-2(s)5.1(tig)4.9(at)4.8(io)4.9(n)-352.2(r)5(ev)4.9(ealed)-352.2(t)4.8(hat)-352.3(t)4.8(hese)-347.6(GO-P)5.1(lur)5(o)-.8(n)4.9(i)-.9(c)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
.0124 Tc
[(hy)5.5(dr)5.6(ogels)-397.4(d)5.5(i)-.3(d)-397.6(n)5.5(ot)-397.8(s)5.7(how)-392.7(any)-391.9(s)0(ev)5.5(er)5.6(e)-398.8(c)-1.4(h)5.5(r)-.2(o)5.5(n)-.2(ic)-393(in)5.7(a)-1.4(mmato)5.5(r)-.2(y)]TJ
T*
[(resp)5.6(ons)5.8(e)-479.3(a)4.5(nd)-478.2(mig)5.6(h)-.1(t)-472.5(b)-.1(e)-473.6(b)-.1(io)5.6(co)5.6(mp)5.6(at)5.5(ib)5.6(le)-479.3(f)5.7(o)-.1(r)-472.4(fut)5.5(ur)5.7(e)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
21.3051 0 TD
.0134 Tc
[(in)-471.5(vi)6.4(vo)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
-21.3051 -1.1116 TD
.0131 Tc
[(ap)6.2(pl)6.1(ic)5.1(at)6.1(ion)6.2(s).7(.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 113.5559 433.644 Tm
.0145 Tc
(67)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 124.611 429.2786 Tm
.0137 Tc
[(Du)6.8(ch)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
2.5573 0 TD
.0132 Tc
[(et)-345.1(al.)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
2.517 0 TD
.0122 Tc
[(d)5.3(i)-.5(rect)5.2(ly)-346(ad)5.3(mi)5.2(nis)5.5(t)-.5(ered)-351.8(so)5.3(lu)5.3(tio)5.3(ns)]TJ
-11.433 -1.1174 TD
[(of)-386.3(aggr)5.4(eg)5.3(at)5.2(ed)-386.3(gr)5.4(ap)5.3(hene,)-382.9(P)-.3(lu)5.3(ro)5.3(ni)5.2(c)-393.2(d)5.3(is)5.5(per)5.4(s)-.2(ed)-392.1(g)5.3(r)-.4(aph)5.3(e)-1.6(n)5.3(e)-393.2(and)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(GO)-393(i)5.1(n)-.5(t)5.1(o)-392.2(th)5.2(e)-393.3(l)-.6(un)5.2(gs)-392(o)5.2(f)-392.1(mi)5.1(ce)-393.3(and)-392.2(o)5.2(bserv)5.2(e)-1.7(d)-392.2(t)5.1(hat)-398.1(G)4.4(O)-393(c)-1.7(aus)5.4(e)-1.7(d)]TJ
T*
.0119 Tc
[(severe)-382(p)5(e)-1.9(r)5.1(s)-.5(is)5.2(tent)-381(l)4.9(ung)-375.1(in)5.2(a)-1.9(mmati)4.9(o)-.7(n)5(.)-383.2(I)5.1(n)-380.9(co)5(nt)4.9(ras)5.2(t)-.8(,)-377.4(t)-.8(h)5(i)-.8(s)-380.7(t)-.8(o)5(x)-.7(-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(icit)4.8(y)-346.4(w)-1.7(as)-346.2(si)4.8(gn)4.9(ican)4.9(t)-.9(l)4.8(y)-346.4(redu)4.9(ced)-346.4(i)-.9(n)-340.6(t)-.9(he)-341.8(case)-347.6(o)4.9(f)-346.4(pr)5(ist)4.8(i)-.9(n)4.9(e)-347.6(gr)5(a-)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
.0124 Tc
[(ph)5.5(en)5.5(e)-663.7(a)4.4(fter)-662.5(l)5.4(i)-.3(qu)5.5(id)-656.8(ph)5.5(ase)-658(e)-1.4(x)5.5(fol)5.4(iati)5.4(on)5.5(,)-664.9(a)4.4(nd)-656.8(was)-656.6(f)-.2(u)5.5(r)-.2(th)5.5(er)]TJ
T*
.012 Tc
[(mini)5(mi)5(zed)-461.4(w)-1.5(h)5.1(e)-1.8(n)-455.6(t)-.7(h)5.1(e)-462.6(un)5.1(ox)5.1(idi)5(z)-1.8(ed)-461.4(gr)5.2(ap)5.1(hene)-462.6(was)-455.4(w)-1.5(el)5(l)-461.5(d)5.1(is-)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(pers)5.3(ed)-340.4(with)-334.7(the)-335.8(b)-.6(lo)5.1(ck)-340.4(cop)5.1(o)-.6(l)5(y)-.6(mer)-340.4(P)5.3(lur)5.2(o)-.6(n)5.1(i)-.7(c.)-342.8(It)-334.8(als)5.3(o)-340.4(demo)5.1(n-)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(st)5(rated)-352(t)-.7(h)5.1(a)-1.8(t)-357.8(t)5(he)-358.9(cov)5.1(a)-1.8(l)5(e)-1.8(n)5.1(t)-357.8(ox)5.1(id)5.1(ati)5(o)-.6(n)-352(o)-.6(f)-357.7(g)5.1(rap)5.1(h)-.6(ene)-353.1(i)-.7(s)-357.5(a)-358.9(maj)5(o)-.6(r)]TJ
T*
.0124 Tc
[(co)5.5(nt)5.4(ri)5.4(but)5.4(or)-253.6(t)5.4(o)-253.6(it)5.4(s)-253.4(p)-.2(u)5.5(l)-.3(mon)5.5(a)-1.4(r)5.6(y)-253.6(to)5.5(xi)5.4(cit)5.4(y)-253.6(and)-253.6(s)5.7(ugg)5.5(es)5.7(ted)-253.6(t)-.3(h)5.5(a)-1.4(t)-253.8(t)5.4(he)]TJ
T*
[(di)5.4(sp)5.5(ers)5.7(i)-.3(o)5.5(n)-357.3(of)-351.5(pr)5.6(ist)5.4(i)-.3(n)5.5(e)-358.5(gr)5.6(ap)5.5(hene)-358.5(i)5.4(n)-357.3(t)5.4(h)-.2(e)-352.7(P)-.1(lu)5.5(ro)5.5(nic)-352.7(p)-.2(r)5.6(o)-.2(v)5.5(i)-.3(des)-357.1(a)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
.0113 Tc
[(path)4.4(way)-496.6(f)-1.3(o)4.4(r)-496.6(th)4.4(e)-497.8(s)-1.1(afe)-492.1(h)-1.3(andl)4.3(in)4.4(g)-496.6(a)-2.5(n)4.4(d)-496.6(p)4.4(o)-1.3(tent)4.3(ial)-496.8(b)-1.3(i)4.3(o)-1.3(med)4.4(i)-1.4(cal)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
.0132 Tc
[(ap)6.3(pl)6.2(ic)5.2(at)6.2(ion)-396.8(o)6.3(f)-396.8(2).6(D)-397.7(c)5.2(arb)6.3(o).6(n)-396.8(n)6.3(an)6.3(om)5.1(at)6.2(eri)6.2(a)-.6(l)6.2(s).8(.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 230.2299 302.1165 Tm
.0145 Tc
(68)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 241.7952 297.7511 Tm
.0087 Tc
[(As)-401.1(for)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
3.1218 0 TD
.0138 Tc
[(i)6.8(n)-396.2(vi)6.8(vo)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
-21.3858 -1.1116 TD
.0118 Tc
[(st)4.8(ud)4.9(ies)-363.5(o)-.8(n)-363.7(t)-.9(h)4.9(e)-370.6(b)4.9(i)-.9(ocompati)4.8(bi)4.8(lit)4.8(y)-369.4(i)4.8(n)-369.4(o)4.9(ther)-369.4(l)4.8(i)-.9(v)4.9(i)-.9(ng)-363.7(or)5(gani)4.8(sms)5.1(,)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
.0126 Tc
[(Go)5.7(ll)5.6(av)5.7(ell)5.6(i)-397.6(an)5.7(d)-397.4(L)-1.2(i)5.6(n)0(g)-397.4(s).2(h)5.7(o)0(wed)-397.4(t)5.6(hat)-397.6(m)4.5(ul)5.6(ti)5.6(-fu)5.7(ncti)5.6(on)-397.4(g)5.7(r)0(ap)5.7(hene)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
0 Tc
[(\(c)19.7(oa)19.7(te)13.8(d)-266(w)0(i)19.8(t)0(h)-261.5(p)0(o)20.8(l)0(y)20.7(a)0(c)18.5(r)0(y)20.9(l)0(i)14.8(c)-267.2(ac)18.5(id)-261.5(an)19.7(d)-266()0(u)15.2(o)0(r)20.9(e)0(s)19.9(c)0(e)18.5(i)0(n)-261.5(o)0(-)20.9(m)0(e)18.4(t)0(h)20.7(a)0(c)18.5(r)0(y)20.9(l)0(a)13.8(t)0(e)19.5(\))]TJ
T*
[(was)-437.1(biocompatible)-434.3(with)-431.8(zebrash)-438.1(and)-430.7(did)-435.4(not)-429.7(induce)-435.3(any)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(signicant)-543.3(abnormalities.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 164.7496 247.3511 Tm
(69)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 177.4488 242.929 Tm
(Yan)Tj
/F4 1 Tf
2.206 0 TD
[(et)-539.1(al.)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
2.8395 0 TD
[(found)-535.4(that)-541.5(an)-539(in-)]TJ
-16.7723 -1.1116 TD
[(travitreal)-349(injection)-346.8(of)-342(GO)-349.5(into)-344.5(rabbits)-344(eyes)-346.4(did)-343.3(not)-343.3(lead)-346.7(to)]TJ
T*
[(gross)-702(changes)-702.2(in)-699.3(the)-701.5(eyeballs)-704.6(appearance,)-701(intraocular)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(pressure,)-613.1(electroretinogram,)-617.1(or)-612.7(on)-607(histological)-615(examina-)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
(tion.)Tj
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 79.8803 203.4708 Tm
(70)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 91.3889 199.1054 Tm
[(Among)-416.6(the)]TJ
/F4 1 Tf
5.057 0 TD
[(in)-417(vivo)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
3.2946 0 TD
[(studies,)-415.4(only)-419.2(one)-419.2(study)-414.4(has)-419(re-)]TJ
-11.3351 -1.1116 TD
[(ported)-370.7(possible)-366.9(long-term)-369.6(toxicology)-363.9(of)-365(graphene)-369.4(in)-370.9(living)]TJ
T*
[(systems.)-335.6(It)-330.6(is)-330.4(reported)-339.5(that)-328.4(PEGylated)-337(nanographene)-340.4(sheets)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(did)-452.7(not)-452.7(cause)-458.1(appreciable)-461.7(toxicity)-454(to)-457.3(treated)-454.9(mice)-457.3(over)-454.8(a)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(period)-439.8(of)-439.9(3)-444.6(months,)-437.4(as)-440.9(evidenced)-446.7(by)-439.9(blood)-437.6(biochemistry,)]TJ
T*
[(hematological)-660.1(analysis,)-659.5(and)-655.3(histological)-661.1(examinations.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 293.7259 148.7055 Tm
(71)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 62.022 133.3417 Tm
(The)Tj
/F4 1 Tf
1.9007 0 TD
[(in)-336.4(vivo)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
3.1333 0 TD
[(effect)-338.5(of)-342(graphene)-340.6(and)-338.5(its)-337.4(derivatives)-338.3(might)-341.1(be)]TJ
-5.034 -1.1116 TD
[(related)-742.9(to)-733.8(their)-738.4(method)-734.9(of)-739.4(synthesis,)-734.2(physicochemical)]TJ
T*
[(properties,)-408.4(concentration,)-408.7(time)-404.5(of)-405.3(exposure,)-406(administration)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(route,)-407.6(and)-401.9(choice)-407.6(of)-405.3(animals)-408.7(used.)-400.5(Most)-408.4(studies)-406.2(report)-405.3(no)]TJ
0 -1.1116 TD
[(occurrence)-604.3(of)-601.2(adult)-600.2(animal)-597.9(death.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 207.8362 93.8834 Tm
(67,68,70,71)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 248.8251 89.5181 Tm
[(Most)-604.3(of)-595.4(the)]TJ
-18.9782 -1.1116 TD
[(available)-285.7(literature)-291.4(considers)-282.7(graphene)-288.7(and)-280.9(its)-285.6(derivatives)-286.5(to)]TJ
0 -1.1174 TD
[(be)-423.8(hemocompatible.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 143.8866 72 Tm
[(71,7)-8.6(2)]TJ
9.843 0 0 9.843 164.6929 67.5779 Tm
[(However,)-424.1(several)-425.8(report)-7.8(s)-421.4(showed)]TJ
-10.4308 -1.1116 TD
[(an)-343.2(inammato)-9(ry)-342(reaction.)]TJ
7.3823 0 0 6.5614 165.7133 61.0016 Tm
(67,68)Tj
9.843 0 0 9.843 185.7259 56.6362 Tm
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T*
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T*
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25.5097 67.9242 TD
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T*
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T*
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T*
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[(chitosan)-587.2(substrata)-593.8(were)-589.3(fabricated)-591.8(after)-589.6(spin)-591.8(coating)-592(of)]TJ
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T*
[(rGO-chitosan)-374.4(substrata,)-372.6(regardless)-377(of)-365(the)-373.2(incorporated)-374(gra-)]TJ
T*
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[(Nylon)-346.3(6,6-GO)-350.5(hybrid,)-350(and)-350(few-layer)-348.4(reduced)-351(graphene)-346.3(ox-)]TJ
T*
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T*
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[(The)-330.6(proliferation)-338.6(of)-330.4(MSCs)-337(on)-331.3(graphene)]TJ
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[(cells)-342(on)-336.3(CVD-grown)-341.8(graphene)-340.6(and)-338.5(GO)-343.8(substrates)-341.3(than)-339.8(that)]TJ
T*
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[(surface)-368(roughness,)-371.2(and)-367.3(discovered)-371.5(that,)-372.1(independent)-367.2(of)-370.8(the)]TJ
T*
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(4)Tj
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[(with)-356.9(PLL)-362.6(alone,)-362.7(indicating)-359.4(that)-357.2(these)-364.9(materials)-360.4(are)-362.7(not)-360.5(cy-)]TJ
T*
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(87)Tj
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[(In)-405.3(addition,)-405.5(the)-407.8(GO)-407.1(lm)-401.9(and)-407.6(rGO-)]TJ
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[(chitosan)-281.9(substrata)-282.8(\(5%\))-276.1(proved)-278.5(to)-278.8(be)-279.8(a)-278.7(suitable)-282(environment)]TJ
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(6,10)Tj
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[(A)-313(study)-310.7(by)-313.2(Kim)]TJ
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[(showed)-313.7(that)-316.9(GO/graphene-CaCO)]TJ
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(3,)Tj
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(79)Tj
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T*
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T*
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T*
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T*
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(4)Tj
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[(In)-267.1(another)-269.3(study,)-268.1(after)]TJ
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[(on)-347.8(CVD-grown)-353.3(graphene)-352.1(compared)-353.3(with)-351.1(those)-346.4(on)-347.8(PDMS.)]TJ
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(5)Tj
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(Tang)Tj
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[(reported)-362.5(spontaneous)-359.8(osteogenic)-360.2(differentiation)]TJ
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T*
[(Thus,)-285.3(the)-281.1(GO)-286.2(lm)-281(may)-282.2(represent)-284(a)-284.5(chemical-free)-287.6(method)-279.8(of)]TJ
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(12)Tj
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[(ferentiatio)-10.3(n)-559.8(o)0(f)-566.6(ASCs,)-562.3(including)-570.2(osteogenesis)-569.3(and)-563.2(adipo-)]TJ
T*
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(6)Tj
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[(In)-428.4(addition,)]TJ
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[(et)-285.7(al.)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
2.3269 0 TD
[(showed)-279.2(up-regulation)-287.7(of)-278.6(the)-286.8(osteogenic)-285.3(differentiation)]TJ
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[(of)-313.2(hMSCs)-312.4(in)-307.6(the)-309.9(rGO-chitosan)-316.8(substrata)-311.6(compared)-318.8(with)-310.8(the)]TJ
T*
[(chitos)-7.8(an)-268.3(substrata)-271.3(and)-269.4(tissue)-266.8(culture)-275.2(polystyrene,)-271.3(in)-267.3(both)-269.5(the)]TJ
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(10)Tj
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[(These)-250.7(recent)]TJ
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[(invest)-7.8(igations)-614.9(indicate)-623.2(an)-619.6(active)-620.9(or)-618.5(potential)-623.3(pro-osteo-)]TJ
T*
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/F3 1 Tf
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[(All)-424.9(the)-425(reports)-429.2(mentioned)-422.7(earlier)-431.8(investigated)-426(stem)-427.2(cell)]TJ
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[(behav)-7.8(ior)-366.3(on)-370.8(2D)-371.7(graphene)-375.1(sheets.)-375(Crowder)]TJ
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[(et)-372.1(al.)]TJ
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(employed)Tj
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T*
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T*
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(3)Tj
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T*
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[(osteop)-7.7(ontin,)-395.1(indicating)-394(spontaneous)-400.1(osteogenic)-400.5(differentia-)]TJ
T*
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[(manipulati)-9.3(on.)]TJ
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(11)Tj
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[(FIG.)-302.2(1.)]TJ
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[(Schematic)-308.6(diagram)]TJ
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T*
[(anisms)-336.3(of)-336(the)-332.6(biological)]TJ
T*
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/F4 1 Tf
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[(in)-336.2(vitro)]TJ
/F3 1 Tf
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(.)Tj
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[(Arrow,)-338.2(promotion;)-334.1(bar,)-330(inhi-)]TJ
0 -1.0135 TD
[(bition.)-332.3(G,)-333.4(graphene;)-340.8(Dex,)]TJ
T*
(dexamethasone;)Tj
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(b)Tj
/F3 1 Tf
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(-GP,)Tj
/F9 1 Tf
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(b)Tj
/F3 1 Tf
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[(-glycerophosphate.)-336(Color)]TJ
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[(images)-337.7(available)-336.6(online)-335.7(at)]TJ
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(www.liebertpub.com/teb)Tj
/F5 1 Tf
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(486)Tj
49.6032 0 TD
[(GU)-334.7(ET)-338.7(AL.)]TJ
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